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  1. Cirsium vulgare - Wikipedia

    • Cirsium vulgare, the spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus Cirsium, native throughout most of Europe (north to 66°N, locally 68°N), Western Asia (east to the Yenisei Valley), and northwestern Africa (Atlas Mountains). It is also naturalised in North America, Africa, and Australia and is an invasive weed in several regions. It is t… See more

    How Spear Thistles Help Bees and Birds
    How Spear Thistles Help Bees and Birds
    Meet the Friendly Thistle
    Meet the Friendly Thistle
    Description

    It is a tall biennial or short-lived monocarpic thistle, forming a rosette of leaves and a taproot up to 70 cm (28 in) long in the first year, and a flowering stem 1–1.5 m (3 ft 4 in - 4 ft 11 in) tall in the second (rarely third or fourth) year… See more

    Ecology

    Spear thistle is often a ruderal species, colonising bare disturbed ground, but also persists well on heavily grazed land as it is unpalatable to most grazing animals. Nitrogen-rich soils help increase its proliferation… See more

    Other names

    Common names include bull thistle, Scots, Scottish, or Scotch thistle, and common thistle. See more

    Uses

    The stems can be peeled (removing their spiny surfaces) and then steamed or boiled. The tap roots can be eaten raw or cooked, but are only palatable on young thistles that have not yet flowered. The dried florets steeped in … See more

    In culture

    The plant features in some Scottish ceremonies such as the "Riding of the Marches", held annually in Langholm in July. The 1992 specimen measured six feet in length.
    Spear thistl… See more

    Flower language

    Cirsium vulgare Flower language
    • Purple Flower - 'Independence, Strictness, Austerity, Do Not Touch'
    • Pink Flower - 'Dignity, Strictness, Friendship, Joy, Romance'… See more

    External links

    "Cirsium vulgare". Plants for a Future.
    "Cirsium vulgare". Calflora. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database.
    Cirsium vulgare in the CalPhotos photo database, University of California, BerkeleySee more

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